Bali Attractions together with Destinations Subak is an organisation owned past times the farmers inward Beautiful Bali Island that specifically regulates H2O administration or watering systems/irrigation of rice fields traditionally, the existence of Subak is a manifestation of the philosophy/concept of Tri Hita Karana.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Tri Hita Karana is derived from the give-and-take "Tri" pregnant three, "Hita" which way happiness/well-being together with "Karana" which way the cause. It tin mail away live concluded that the Tri Hita Karana way "Three things causes the creation of happiness together with well-being". Its application inward the Subak System every bit follows:
- Parahyangan is a harmonious human relationship betwixt human together with God.
- Pawongan is a harmonious human relationship betwixt human together with his neighbor.
- Palemahan is the harmonious human relationship betwixt human together with nature together with the environment.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations The give-and-take "Subak" is a give-and-take that comes from the Beautiful Bali Islandnese language, the give-and-take was start seen inward the inscription of Pandak Bandung that has numbers 1072 AD. The give-and-take "Subak" refers to a unique social together with religious institutions, has its ain settings, democratic associations of farmers inward determining the usage of irrigation H2O for growing rice.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Subak for Beautiful Bali Islandnese is non simply an irrigation system, but also the concept of life for the people of Beautiful Bali Island itself. In the sentiment of Beautiful Bali Islandnese people, Subak is a at 1 time overview of the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana.
Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)" alt=" is an organisation owned past times the farmers inward Beautiful Bali Island that specifically regulates H2O managem Beautiful Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">Bali Attractions together with Destinations As a method of scheme of living together, Subak survived for over a century because of the people obedient to the ancestral traditions. Water distribution is done fairly together with equitably, all the problems discussed together with solved together, fifty-fifty the timing of planting together with conclusion of the type of rice planted was done together.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Sanctions against diverse types of violations volition live determined past times the people themselves through ceremonies or rituals performed inward the temples. This sort of harmonization of life is the cardinal factor inward the preservation of the cultural of Subak inward Beautiful Bali Island.
Subak Organizational Structure
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Subak members or also commonly called Krama Subak is the farmers who receive got cultivated rice fields together with larn a slice of H2O inward their fields. In Subak members are also available several groups called Sekaa, Krama Subak classified into three, namely:
- Krama Aktif is the active members such every bit krama pekaseh, sekaa yeh or sekaa Subak.
- Krama Pasif is the members that supplant their obligations amongst coin or inward sort for several reasons commonly referred to Pengampel or Pengohot.
- Krama Luput is the members which is non active inward all sorts of Subak activities because of the duties every bit caput of the hamlet or Bendesa Adat.
Subak organisation commission (Prajuru) consists of:
- Pekaseh/Kelian is served every bit caput of the Subak.
- Pangliman/Petajuh, served every bit deputy caput of the Subak.
- Peyarikan/Juru tulis is every bit secretary.
- Petengen/Juru raksa is has a duty every bit treasurer.
- Saya/Juru arah/Juru uduh/Juru tibak/Kasinoman has the duty inward matters of discovery or announcement.
- Pemangku is a special duty inward matters of ritual or religious events.
The groups (Sekaa) inward Subak divided into:
- Sekaa Numbeg is a grouping that regulates the processing of land.
- Sekaa Jelinjingan is the grouping inward accuse of organizing the H2O treatment.
- Sekaa Sambang is the grouping who has the project of monitoring the H2O of the theft, banish or grab animals that destroy crops such every bit birds together with rodents.
- Sekaa Memulih/Nandur is a grouping inward accuse inward price of planting rice seedlings.
- Sekaa Mejukut is a grouping inward accuse of weeding rice.
- Sekaa Manyi is the grouping inward accuse to cutting or harvest rice.
- Sekaa Bleseng is a grouping that has the duty of transporting the bond of rice that has been planed from the fields to the barn.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations As an organisation that is autonomous inward taking assist of their ain organizations, Subak tin mail away laid upwards rules known every bit Awig awig, Sima, together with Perarem. Inside the awig awig written things together with basic provisions, the primary contents inward awig awig is laid upwards virtually parahyangan, pawongan together with palemahan piece provisions together with things inward to a greater extent than particular contained inward pararem every bit the implementation of awig awig Subak. Awig awig Subak contains rights together with obligations of members of Subak together with contains virtually sanctions for violations of rights together with obligations.
Subak Irrigation Network
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Experts also mentioned that Subak, every bit good every bit technological systems, has move a civilisation inward Beautiful Bali Island. Subak every bit a method of the technology scientific discipline of the master copy civilisation of the Beautiful Bali Islandnese farmer. The primary facilities of irrigation H2O command scheme (palemahan) for each fellow member of Subak is pengalapan (dam), jelinjing (trenches), together with a cakangan (spot/tool to come inward the H2O to the rice fields).
Bali Attractions together with Destinations if at a given location rice plain in that location are ii or to a greater extent than following cakangan to each other, therefore the meridian of those cakangan are the same (the ease together with smoothness of the H2O flowing into the fields owned past times each farmer is the same), but the divergence inward the width of the holes of the cakangan tin mail away live tolerated customized past times a broad margin of paddy fields. Manufacture, maintenance, together with administration of the usage of irrigation facilities of Subak conducted jointly past times the members.
Network inward the Subak irrigation scheme if sorted from H2O sources consist of:
- Empelan/Empangan every bit a source of H2O flow/dam.
- Bungas/Buka every bit an inlet (in take).
- Aungan every bit a unopen drains or tunnel.
- Telabah Aya (gede) every bit the primary H2O channel.
- Tembuku Aya (gede) every bit the primary edifice for the distribution of water.
- Telabah Tempek (Munduk/Dahanan/Kanca) every bit the branch H2O channel.
- Telabah Cerik every bit twig H2O channel.
- Telabah Panyacah (tali kunda), inward some places known every bit Penasan (for 10 parts), Panca (for v people), together with Pamijian (1 person).
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Through this Subak system, farmers larn H2O inward accordance amongst the conditions laid upwards past times the deliberation of the members of Subak together with notwithstanding guided past times the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana. Therefore, the activity inward organizations/associations of Subak includes non solely agricultural issues but also includes issues of ritual together with worship to invoke expert fortune together with fertility.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Rice field, rice plants, together with the H2O has an of import usage inward Subak irrigation scheme is fifty-fifty associated amongst a religious aspect. All those 3 are related to the ability of Dewi Sri (the goddess of fertility together with prosperity). Therefore, Subak non solely regulates the number together with delivery of H2O but also the social together with religious aspects.
Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)" alt=" is an organisation owned past times the farmers inward Beautiful Bali Island that specifically regulates H2O managem Beautiful Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">Bali Attractions together with Destinations Each Subak unremarkably has a temple called Pura Ulun Carik Temple or Pura Bedugul Temple, specially built past times farmers to worship the Goddess Sri. This irrigation scheme is governed past times an indigenous leader together with also a farmer called Kelian (Klian) which has the chore to supervise together with hit out Subak.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations To live Kelian Subak is a social nature, does non larn a salary. The partitioning or distribution of H2O is adjusted to the membership of farmers inward Subak, in that location are active together with passive members, both got dissimilar H2O distribution. This is the footing of jurist where the H2O distribution adapted to the contribution.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations The ancient irrigation scheme of Subak has been studied together with researched past times Clifford Geertz, piece J. Stephen Lansing has attracted populace attending on the importance of traditional irrigation methods. He studied together with researched many sacred places (temples) inward Beautiful Bali Island, specially the sacred house reserved for agriculture.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations In 1987, J. Stephen Lansing cooperate amongst farmers inward Beautiful Bali Island has redeveloped inward the irrigation system/Subak irrigation becomes to a greater extent than effective. That mode he tin mail away show how the effectiveness together with importance of Subak irrigation method inward Beautiful Bali Island.
Subak - World Heritage Sites past times UNESCO
Bali Attractions together with Destinations UNESCO - The United Nations Educational, Scientific, together with Cultural Organization has lastly admitted Subak inward Beautiful Bali Island every bit a ground cultural heritage. Such recognition tin mail away live realized afterwards the fighting of Indonesian commonwealth authorities for to a greater extent than than 12 years.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Proposal for this category is non slow because it requires in-depth inquiry amongst the approach through diverse sciences such every bit archeology, anthropology, geography, environmental science, landscape architecture, together with another related sciences.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations Right at the appointment June 29, 2012, the Proposal is approved together with designated every bit World Cultural Heritage past times UNESCO inward the 36th session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee inward the town of Saint Peterburg, Russia.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations The conclusion every bit a World Cultural Heritage was welcomed past times the authorities together with the people of Beautiful Bali Island. According to the filing, Subak inward Beautiful Bali Island which has an expanse of approximately 20,000 ha, consisting of a H2O command scheme that is inward v districts of Badung, Bangli, Buleleng, Gianyar together with Tabanan.
Sites inward Beautiful Bali Island defined past times UNESCO every bit ground cultural heritage are:
- Ulun Danu Batur Temple, located at the destination of the lake Batur, which is the primary H2O temple every bit the source of whatever springs together with rivers.
- Subak Landscape of watersheds Pakerisan, which is known every bit the oldest irrigation scheme inward Beautiful Bali Island.
- Subak Landscape of Catur Angga Batukaru, tourist attractions of Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">Jatiluwih rice terraces is 1 of its parts.
- Taman Ayun Temple, the greatest H2O temple amongst its most famous architecture, exemplifies the sum expansion of the Subak scheme nether imperial authorities of Beautiful Bali Island inward the 19th century.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations The components of Subak is roofing the forests that protect H2O supplies, landscapes of terraced rice fields that are connected past times a scheme of canals, tunnels together with dams, villages, temples of diverse sizes indicating the importance of H2O resources or H2O flowing through the temple declined irrigating H2O command system.
Subak Museum
Bali Attractions together with Destinations To innovate together with save Subak which is an ancestral cultural heritage of Beautiful Bali Island, therefore established the Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)" target="_blank">Subak Museum which is located inward Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">Tabanan regency which aims to innovate immature generation or tourists virtually the traditional irrigation scheme owned together with is notwithstanding used today past times the farmers on Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">the Island of Beautiful Bali Island.
Read to a greater extent than virtually Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)" target="_blank">Subak Museum: Beautiful Bali Island Agriculture Collection & Traditional Irrigation.
Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)" alt=" is an organisation owned past times the farmers inward Beautiful Bali Island that specifically regulates H2O managem Beautiful Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">Bali Attractions together with Destinations In this museum exhibited together with displays objects that relate to the run of farmers every bit good every bit audio-visual shows activities inward running Subak irrigation management.
Bali Attractions together with Destinations References:
- Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">whc.unesco.org
- Bali IslandAttractions: Subak: Beautiful Bali Island Traditional Water Management System (irrigation)">ale-alesma3dps.blogspot.com
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