Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Subak is an organisation owned yesteryear the farmers inwards Bali that specifically regulates H2O management or watering systems/irrigation of rice fields traditionally, the existence of Subak is a manifestation of the philosophy/concept of Tri Hita Karana.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Tri Hita Karana is derived from the discussion "Tri" pregnant three, "Hita" which way happiness/well-being as well as "Karana" which way the cause. It tin live concluded that the Tri Hita Karana way "Three things causes the creation of happiness as well as well-being". Its application inwards the Subak System equally follows:
- Parahyangan is a harmonious human relationship betwixt human as well as God.
- Pawongan is a harmonious human relationship betwixt human as well as his neighbor.
- Palemahan is the harmonious human relationship betwixt human as well as nature as well as the environment.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali The discussion "Subak" is a discussion that comes from the Balinese language, the discussion was outset seen inwards the inscription of Pandak Bandung that has numbers 1072 AD. The discussion "Subak" refers to a unique social as well as religious institutions, has its ain settings, democratic associations of farmers inwards determining the utilization of irrigation H2O for growing rice.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Subak for Balinese is non simply an irrigation system, but also the concept of life for the people of Bali itself. In the persuasion of Balinese people, Subak is a straight overview of the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali As a method of organisation of living together, Subak survived for over a century because of the people obedient to the ancestral traditions. Water distribution is done fairly as well as equitably, all the problems discussed as well as solved together, fifty-fifty the timing of planting as well as conclusion of the type of rice planted was done together.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Sanctions against diverse types of violations volition live determined yesteryear the people themselves through ceremonies or rituals performed inwards the temples. This form of harmonization of life is the fundamental factor inwards the preservation of the cultural of Subak inwards Bali.
Subak Organizational Structure
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Subak members or also commonly called Krama Subak is the farmers who receive got cultivated rice fields as well as instruct a slice of H2O inwards their fields. In Subak members are also available several groups called Sekaa, Krama Subak classified into three, namely:
- Krama Aktif is the active members such equally krama pekaseh, sekaa yeh or sekaa Subak.
- Krama Pasif is the members that supervene upon their obligations amongst coin or inwards form for several reasons commonly referred to Pengampel or Pengohot.
- Krama Luput is the members which is non active inwards all sorts of Subak activities because of the duties equally caput of the hamlet or Bendesa Adat.
Subak organisation commission (Prajuru) consists of:
- Pekaseh/Kelian is served equally caput of the Subak.
- Pangliman/Petajuh, served equally deputy caput of the Subak.
- Peyarikan/Juru tulis is equally secretary.
- Petengen/Juru raksa is has a duty equally treasurer.
- Saya/Juru arah/Juru uduh/Juru tibak/Kasinoman has the duty inwards matters of disclose or announcement.
- Pemangku is a special duty inwards matters of ritual or religious events.
The groups (Sekaa) inwards Subak divided into:
- Sekaa Numbeg is a grouping that regulates the processing of land.
- Sekaa Jelinjingan is the grouping inwards accuse of organizing the H2O treatment.
- Sekaa Sambang is the grouping who has the project of monitoring the H2O of the theft, banish or pick out handle of animals that destroy crops such equally birds as well as rodents.
- Sekaa Memulih/Nandur is a grouping inwards accuse inwards price of planting rice seedlings.
- Sekaa Mejukut is a grouping inwards accuse of weeding rice.
- Sekaa Manyi is the grouping inwards accuse to cutting or harvest rice.
- Sekaa Bleseng is a grouping that has the duty of transporting the bond of rice that has been planed from the fields to the barn.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali As an organisation that is autonomous inwards taking assist of their ain organizations, Subak tin laid upward rules known equally Awig awig, Sima, as well as Perarem. Inside the awig awig written things as well as basic provisions, the principal contents inwards awig awig is laid upward virtually parahyangan, pawongan as well as palemahan spell provisions as well as things inwards to a greater extent than particular contained inwards pararem equally the implementation of awig awig Subak. Awig awig Subak contains rights as well as obligations of members of Subak as well as contains virtually sanctions for violations of rights as well as obligations.
Subak Irrigation Network
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Experts also mentioned that Subak, equally good equally technological systems, has move a civilisation inwards Bali. Subak equally a method of the technology scientific discipline of the master copy civilisation of the Balinese farmer. The principal facilities of irrigation H2O command scheme (palemahan) for each fellow member of Subak is pengalapan (dam), jelinjing (trenches), as well as a cakangan (spot/tool to move inwards the H2O to the rice fields).
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali if at a given location rice plain in that location are ii or to a greater extent than side yesteryear side cakangan to each other, thence the top of those cakangan are the same (the ease as well as smoothness of the H2O flowing into the fields owned yesteryear each farmer is the same), but the departure inwards the width of the holes of the cakangan tin live tolerated customized yesteryear a broad margin of paddy fields. Manufacture, maintenance, as well as management of the utilization of irrigation facilities of Subak conducted jointly yesteryear the members.
Network inwards the Subak irrigation scheme if sorted from H2O sources consist of:
- Empelan/Empangan equally a source of H2O flow/dam.
- Bungas/Buka equally an inlet (in take).
- Aungan equally a unopen drains or tunnel.
- Telabah Aya (gede) equally the principal H2O channel.
- Tembuku Aya (gede) equally the principal edifice for the distribution of water.
- Telabah Tempek (Munduk/Dahanan/Kanca) equally the branch H2O channel.
- Telabah Cerik equally twig H2O channel.
- Telabah Panyacah (tali kunda), inwards some places known equally Penasan (for 10 parts), Panca (for five people), as well as Pamijian (1 person).
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Through this Subak system, farmers instruct H2O inwards accordance amongst the weather condition laid upward yesteryear the deliberation of the members of Subak as well as withal guided yesteryear the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana. Therefore, the activity inwards organizations/associations of Subak includes non alone agricultural issues but also includes issues of ritual as well as worship to invoke skillful fortune as well as fertility.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Rice field, rice plants, as well as the H2O has an of import utilization inwards Subak irrigation scheme is fifty-fifty associated amongst a religious aspect. All those iii are related to the ability of Dewi Sri (the goddess of fertility as well as prosperity). Therefore, Subak non alone regulates the number as well as delivery of H2O but also the social as well as religious aspects.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Each Subak unremarkably has a temple called Pura Ulun Carik Temple or Pura Bedugul Temple, specially built yesteryear farmers to worship the Goddess Sri. This irrigation scheme is governed yesteryear an indigenous leader as well as also a farmer called Kelian (Klian) which has the project to supervise as well as arrive at out Subak.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali To live Kelian Subak is a social nature, does non instruct a salary. The partition or distribution of H2O is adjusted to the membership of farmers inwards Subak, in that location are active as well as passive members, both got dissimilar H2O distribution. This is the ground of judge where the H2O distribution adapted to the contribution.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali The ancient irrigation scheme of Subak has been studied as well as researched yesteryear Clifford Geertz, spell J. Stephen Lansing has attracted world attending on the importance of traditional irrigation methods. He studied as well as researched many sacred places (temples) inwards Bali, peculiarly the sacred house reserved for agriculture.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali In 1987, J. Stephen Lansing cooperate amongst farmers inwards Bali has redeveloped inwards the irrigation system/Subak irrigation becomes to a greater extent than effective. That trend he tin show how the effectiveness as well as importance of Subak irrigation method inwards Bali.
Subak - World Heritage Sites yesteryear UNESCO
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali UNESCO - The United Nations Educational, Scientific, as well as Cultural Organization has last admitted Subak inwards Bali equally a ground cultural heritage. Such recognition tin live realized later the fighting of Indonesian democracy authorities for to a greater extent than than 12 years.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Proposal for this category is non slow because it requires in-depth query amongst the approach through diverse sciences such equally archeology, anthropology, geography, environmental science, landscape architecture, as well as another related sciences.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali Right at the appointment June 29, 2012, the Proposal is approved as well as designated equally World Cultural Heritage yesteryear UNESCO inwards the 36th session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee inwards the town of Saint Peterburg, Russia.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali The conclusion equally a World Cultural Heritage was welcomed yesteryear the authorities as well as the people of Bali. According to the filing, Subak inwards Bali which has an expanse of approximately 20,000 ha, consisting of a H2O command scheme that is inwards five districts of Badung, Bangli, Buleleng, Gianyar as well as Tabanan.
Sites inwards Bali defined yesteryear UNESCO equally ground cultural heritage are:
- Ulun Danu Batur Temple, located at the halt of the lake Batur, which is the principal H2O temple equally the source of whatever springs as well as rivers.
- Subak Landscape of watersheds Pakerisan, which is known equally the oldest irrigation scheme inwards Bali.
- Subak Landscape of Catur Angga Batukaru, tourist attractions of Jatiluwih rice terraces is 1 of its parts.
- Taman Ayun Temple, the greatest H2O temple amongst its most famous architecture, exemplifies the sum expansion of the Subak scheme nether imperial authorities of Bali inwards the 19th century.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali The components of Subak is roofing the forests that protect H2O supplies, landscapes of terraced rice fields that are connected yesteryear a scheme of canals, tunnels as well as dams, villages, temples of diverse sizes indicating the importance of H2O resources or H2O flowing through the temple declined irrigating H2O command system.
Subak Museum
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali To innovate as well as save Subak which is an ancestral cultural heritage of Bali, thence established the Subak Museum which is located inwards Tabanan regency which aims to innovate immature generation or tourists virtually the traditional irrigation scheme owned as well as is withal used today yesteryear the farmers on the Island of Bali.
Read to a greater extent than virtually Subak Museum: Bali Agriculture Collection & Traditional Irrigation.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali In this museum exhibited as well as displays objects that relate to the move of farmers equally good equally audio-visual shows activities inwards running Subak irrigation management.
Best Things to do, remain as well as consume inwards Bali References:
- whc.unesco.org
- ale-alesma3dps.blogspot.com
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